Once an anchor is lowered, the ship moves only within the length of the rope tied to the anchor. In this regard, a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered when making decisions is called the anchoring effect.
If a watch seller first offers 200 dollars and then lowers it to 100 dollars, consumers are more likely to buy the watch. When asked, “Was Napoleon taller than six feet?” you are more likely to guess his height higher than when asked “Is Napoleon taller than five feet?” In fact, 200 dollars have nothing to do with the buyer’s decision in buying the watch. In guessing Napoleon’s height, the numbers five feet or six feet should mean nothing. But they become standards for decision making.
The less knowledge you have or the less confident you are, the more likely you are to anchor yourself in unreasonable idea. Then your judgment can be blurred. To avoid falling into this error, you need to examine what has affected your decision, have objective knowledge of the field, and check other people’s opinions.